sábado, 5 de febrero de 2011

Microsoft Exchange 2003 sobre Windows Server 2003

Adjunto enlace sobre la instalación del servidor de correo electrónico "Microsoft Exchange 2003"

http://www.ite.educacion.es/formacion/materiales/85/cd/REDES_W2000/frames/frameset_exchange.htm

Actualizar webmin para postfix.

postfix (4360 kB) bajo la categoría Servidores

Ubuntu y Webmin

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K_09THEfSwg

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZchoOXrbx8M

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NYz-sFLEmoE

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s_ibUieniGA&feature=related

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RxNESbiTdHc

Unidad 6 Página. Sobre el caso práctico nº1 ( postfix mailx)

pc2007@pc2007-desktop:~$ sudo apt-get install mailx
Leyendo lista de paquetes... Hecho
Creando árbol de dependencias
Leyendo la información de estado... Hecho
El paquete mailx es un paquete virtual provisto por:
mailutils 1:2.1+dfsg1-4ubuntu1
heirloom-mailx 12.4-1.1
bsd-mailx 8.1.2-0.20090911cvs-2ubuntu1
Necesita seleccionar explícitamente uno para instalar.
E: El paquete mailx no tiene candidato para su instalación

pc2007@pc2007-desktop:~$ mailx
El programa «mailx» puede encontrarse en los siguientes paquetes:
* heirloom-mailx
* mailutils
Pruebe: sudo apt-get install <paquete seleccionado>

pc2007@pc2007-desktop:~$ sudo apt-get install mailutils

pc2007@pc2007-desktop:~$ mailx
No se puede abrir el buzón /var/mail/pc2007: Permiso denegado
No hay correo para pc2007

pc2007@pc2007-desktop:~$ mailx pc2007
Cc:
Subject: prueba1
Hoy es jueves.
.

pc2007@pc2007-desktop:~$ mailx pc2007
Cc:
Subject: prueba2
Hay actualizar el blog.

.

pc2007@pc2007-desktop:~$ mailx
"/var/mail/pc2007": 2 mensajes 2 nuevos
>N   1 pc2007             jue ene 20 18:28 19/463   prueba1
N   2 pc2007             jue ene 20 18:28 17/468   prueba2
?
? 1
Return-Path: <pc2007@pc2007-desktop>
X-Original-To: pc2007@pc2007-desktop
Delivered-To: pc2007@pc2007-desktop
Received: by pc2007-desktop (Postfix, from userid 1000)
    id 129F4180707; Thu, 20 Jan 2011 18:28:01 +0100 (CET)
To: <pc2007@pc2007-desktop>
Subject: prueba1
X-Mailer: mail (GNU Mailutils 2.1)
Message-Id: <20110120172801.129F4180707@pc2007-desktop>
Date: Thu, 20 Jan 2011 18:28:01 +0100 (CET)
From: pc2007@pc2007-desktop (pc2007)

Hoy es jueves.

? 2
Return-Path: <pc2007@pc2007-desktop>
X-Original-To: pc2007@pc2007-desktop
Delivered-To: pc2007@pc2007-desktop
Received: by pc2007-desktop (Postfix, from userid 1000)
    id E2BB3180707; Thu, 20 Jan 2011 18:28:47 +0100 (CET)
To: <pc2007@pc2007-desktop>
Subject: prueba2
X-Mailer: mail (GNU Mailutils 2.1)
Message-Id: <20110120172847.E2BB3180707@pc2007-desktop>
Date: Thu, 20 Jan 2011 18:28:47 +0100 (CET)
From: pc2007@pc2007-desktop (pc2007)

Hay actualizar el blog.

.

? help
a[lias] [alias [address...]]
alt[ernates] name...
C[opy] [msglist]
cd [directory]
ch[dir] directory
c[opy] [[msglist] file]
dec[ode] [msglist]
d[elete] [msglist]
di[scard] [header-field...]
dp [msglist]
dt [msglist]
ec[ho] string ...
e[dit] [msglist]
el[se]
en[dif]
en[velope]
ex[it]
F[ollowup] [msglist]
fi[le] [file]
fold[er] [file]
folders
fo[llowup] [msglist]
f[rom] [msglist]
g[roup] [alias [address...]]
h[eaders] [msglist]
hel[p] [command...]
ho[ld] [msglist]
i[f] s|r|t
ig[nore] [header-field...]
inc[orporate]
l[ist]
m[ail] [address...]
mb[ox] [msglist]
n[ext] [message]
nos[ender] [header-field...]
nou[nfold] [header-field]
P[rint] [msglist]
pi[pe] [[msglist] command]
pre[serve] [msglist]
prev[ious] [message]
p[rint] [msglist]
q[uit]
R[eply] [msglist]
R[espond] [msglist]
r[eply] [msglist]
r[espond] [msglist]
ret[ain] [header-field]
S[ave] [msglist]
s[ave] [[msglist] file]
sen[dheader] [[header][: value]]
se[t] [name[=[string]]...] [name=number...] [noname...]
sen[der] [header-field...]
sete[nv] [name[=value]]
sh[ell] [command]
si[ze] [msglist]
so[urce] file
st[ruct] [msglist]
su[mmary]
T[ype] [msglist]
una[lias] [alias]...
u[ndelete] [msglist]
unf[old] [header-field]
uns[et] name...
unt[ag] [msglist]
variable [name...]
ve[rsion]
v[isual] [msglist]
wa[rranty]
W[rite] [msglist]
w[rite] [[msglist] file]
x[it]
z[+|-|. [count]]
? [command...]
![command]
=
# comment
*
+ [message]
| [[msglist] command]
- [message]

? q
2 mensajes guardados en /home/pc2007/mbox
0 mensajes conservados en /var/mail/pc2007

pc2007@pc2007-desktop:~$ sudo echo "Cuerpo del correo electrónico" | mail -s "Asunto"sersmr1011@gmail.com
[sudo] password for pc2007:

pc2007@pc2007-desktop:~$ mailx
"/var/mail/pc2007": 1 mensaje 1 nuevo
>N   1 Mail Delivery Syst jue ene 20 19:00 77/2855 Undelivered Mail Returned
? 1
Return-Path: <>
X-Original-To: pc2007@pc2007-desktop
Delivered-To: pc2007@pc2007-desktop
Received: by pc2007-desktop (Postfix)
    id 895631807CC; Thu, 20 Jan 2011 19:00:17 +0100 (CET)
Date: Thu, 20 Jan 2011 19:00:17 +0100 (CET)
From: MAILER-DAEMON@pc2007-desktop (Mail Delivery System)
Subject: Undelivered Mail Returned to Sender
To: pc2007@pc2007-desktop
Auto-Submitted: auto-replied
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/report; report-type=delivery-status;
    boundary="AA829180707.1295546417/pc2007-desktop"
Message-Id: <20110120180017.895631807CC@pc2007-desktop>

This is a MIME-encapsulated message.

--AA829180707.1295546417/pc2007-desktop
Content-Description: Notification
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii

This is the mail system at host pc2007-desktop.

I'm sorry to have to inform you that your message could not
be delivered to one or more recipients. It's attached below.

For further assistance, please send mail to postmaster.

If you do so, please include this problem report. You can
delete your own text from the attached returned message.

                   The mail system

    Please use the SMTP relay at your 550-5.7.1 service provider instead. Learn
    more at                          550 5.7.1
    http://mail.google.com/support/bin/answer.py?answer=10336
    e27si13233490wbe.53

--AA829180707.1295546417/pc2007-desktop
Content-Description: Undelivered Message
Content-Type: message/rfc822

Return-Path: <pc2007@pc2007-desktop>
Received: by pc2007-desktop (Postfix, from userid 1000)
    id AA829180707; Thu, 20 Jan 2011 19:00:14 +0100 (CET)
Subject: Asunto
To: <sersmr1011@gmail.com>
X-Mailer: mail (GNU Mailutils 2.1)
Message-Id: <20110120180014.AA829180707@pc2007-desktop>
Date: Thu, 20 Jan 2011 19:00:14 +0100 (CET)
From: pc2007@pc2007-desktop (pc2007)

Cuerpo del correo electrónico

--AA829180707.1295546417/pc2007-desktop--

http://mail.google.com/support/bin/answer.py?answer=10336

"La dirección IP que utilizas para enviar correos electrónicos no está autorizada..."

Gmail rechaza el correo cuando la dirección IP de envío no coincide con el dominio de envío a fin de evitar el spam. Para enviar correo desde tu servidor a Gmail, te sugerimos que utilices el relevo SMTP que te haya proporcionado el ISP. Ten en cuenta que no podemos crear una lista blanca de direcciones IP ni hacer excepciones en este momento.

Web Pc101 20 Diciembre

Ventana Del Navegador.

jueves, 3 de febrero de 2011

Artículo sobre FTP.

Conectarse desde casa al ordenador de clase

Si teniamos problemas para conectarnos desde casa al ordenador del aula mediante SSH puede entrar al ordenador de un compañero ( PUTTY 213.96.236.93 puerto 2201 por ejemplo, todos tenemos un usuario en todos los ordenadores clave smr2010) y desde éste(192.168.1.101) hacer otro SSH a su ordenador en el aula (192.168.1.102 modo texto o consola).

/srv/ftp en vez de /home/ftp

El directorio del servidor ftp se encuentra en /srv/ftp

Permitiendo usuarios anónimos
Nuestro servidor ftp permitirá acceso a usuarios anónimos y no podrán escribir ni guardar nada en
el servidor solamente ver y descargar contenido de la carpeta para usuarios anónimos. El
directorio del servidor ftp se encuentra en /srv/ftp. Primero vamos a crear una carpeta para los
usuarios anónimos y asignar los correspondientes permisos.

cd /srv/ftp
sudo mkdir ncoming
sudo chmod 755 ncoming/

# Directorio raíz para los usuarios anónimos. Carpeta creada en
#/srv/ftp/ como
anon_root=incoming

vsFTPd en Youtube

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tanll-JM8y8

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rtHywU7EjVw&NR=1

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4y2rbkXBYw8

http://servidores-ftp-nfs.blogspot.com/search/label/SERVIDOR%20FTP

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w5vT24zdw_Y&feature=related

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UT2xBbGFJBQ&feature=related

vsftpd en Ubuntu 10.04

sudo service vsftpd start

sudo service vsftpd stop

http://elgeeklibre.wordpress.com/2010/10/15/servidor-ftp-en-ubuntu-server-10-04-anonimo-y-usuarios-virtuales-vsftpd/

http://www.tuxapuntes.com/drupal/node/213

Otro servidor: Very Secure FTP Daemon

Very Secure FTP Daemon

Instalación;
sudo apt-get install vsftpd

directorio real     /home/ftp/   pasa a ser el raíz /    de ftp

'jaula chroot' (change root, cambiar raíz)
El usuario no podrá salir del directotio marcado como chroot.

/etc/init.d/vsftpd        Archivo que inicia el servicio.

/usr/sbin/vsftpd        Archivo ejecutable.

/etc/vsftpd.conf        Archivo de configuración de vsftpd.

# Example config file /etc/vsftpd.conf
#
# The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file
# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.
# Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.
#
# READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.
# Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's
# capabilities.
#
#
# Run standalone? vsftpd can run either from an inetd or as a standalone
# daemon started from an initscript.
listen=YES
#
# Run standalone with IPv6?
# Like the listen parameter, except vsftpd will listen on an IPv6 socket
# instead of an IPv4 one. This parameter and the listen parameter are mutually
# exclusive.
#listen_ipv6=YES
#
# Allow anonymous FTP? (Disabled by default)
anonymous_enable=NO
#
# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
local_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.
write_enable=YES
#
# Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,
# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)
#local_umask=022
#
# Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only
# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will
# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.
#anon_upload_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create
# new directories.
#anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES
#
# Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they
# go into a certain directory.
dirmessage_enable=YES
#
# If enabled, vsftpd will display directory listings with the time
# in your local time zone. The default is to display GMT. The
# times returned by the MDTM FTP command are also affected by this
# option.
use_localtime=YES
#
# Activate logging of uploads/downloads.
xferlog_enable=YES
#
# Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).
connect_from_port_20=YES
#
# If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by
# a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not
# recommended!
#chown_uploads=YES
#chown_username=whoever
#
# You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown
# below.
#xferlog_file=/var/log/vsftpd.log
#
# If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format.
# Note that the default log file location is /var/log/xferlog in this case.
#xferlog_std_format=YES
#
# You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.
#idle_session_timeout=600
#
# You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.
#data_connection_timeout=120
#
# It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the
# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.
#nopriv_user=ftpsecure
#
# Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not
# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,
# however, may confuse older FTP clients.
#async_abor_enable=YES
#
# By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore
# the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII
# mangling on files when in ASCII mode.
# Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service
# attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd
# predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the
# raw file.
# ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol.
#ascii_upload_enable=YES
#ascii_download_enable=YES
#
# You may fully customise the login banner string:
#ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service.
#
# You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently
# useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.
#deny_email_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd.banned_emails
#
# You may restrict local users to their home directories. See the FAQ for
# the possible risks in this before using chroot_local_user or
# chroot_list_enable below.
chroot_local_user=YES
#
# You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home
# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of
# users to NOT chroot().
#chroot_local_user=YES
chroot_list_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list
#
# You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by
# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large
# sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume
# the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.
#ls_recurse_enable=YES
#
# Debian customization
#
# Some of vsftpd's settings don't fit the Debian filesystem layout by
# default. These settings are more Debian-friendly.
#
# This option should be the name of a directory which is empty. Also, the
# directory should not be writable by the ftp user. This directory is used
# as a secure chroot() jail at times vsftpd does not require filesystem
# access.
secure_chroot_dir=/var/run/vsftpd/empty
#
# This string is the name of the PAM service vsftpd will use.
pam_service_name=vsftpd
#
# This option specifies the location of the RSA certificate to use for SSL
# encrypted connections.
rsa_cert_file=/etc/ssl/private/vsftpd.pem

/home/ftp/            Directorio que contiene los archivos que comparte el servidor FTP.

/home/ftpusers            Contiene la lista de usurios que no podrán conectar al servicio FTP.

# /etc/ftpusers: list of users disallowed FTP access. See ftpusers(5).

root
daemon
bin
sys
sync
games
man
lp
mail
news
uucp
nobody

FTP disponibles:
sudo update-alternatives --list ftp

/usr/bin/netkit-ftp

Configuración de vsftpd en el fichero /etc/vsftpd.conf

*** Ejecución del servidor

Servidor vsftpd como proceso independiente o autónomo(standalone)
# Run standalone? vsftpd can run either from an inetd or as a standalone
# daemon started from an initscript.
listen=YES

No debe estar activada simultaneamente la directiva listen_ipv6
# Run standalone with IPv6?
# Like the listen parameter, except vsftpd will listen on an IPv6 socket
# instead of an IPv4 one. This parameter and the listen parameter are mutually
# exclusive.
#listen_ipv6=YES

*** Gestión de usuarios

Los usuarios que pueden utilizar el servicio son los anónimos y los usuarios con cuenta en el sistema.
#
# Allow anonymous FTP? (Disabled by default)
anonymous_enable=NO
#
# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
local_enable=YES

*** Descarga de archivos

El usuario anónimo conectado al servidor FTP entra al directorio /home/ftp/

Dos opciones para los usuario locales:
1.- /home/nombre_usuario/ y tienw acceso a / del sistema (todo el sistema con los permisos de usuario)

2.- acceso al directorio home de usuario pero no está disponible el resto del sistema de archivos.
#
# You may restrict local users to their home directories. See the FAQ for
# the possible risks in this before using chroot_local_user or
# chroot_list_enable below.
chroot_local_user=YES

Lista para usuarios 'no enjaulados':
#
# You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home
# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of
# users to NOT chroot().
#chroot_local_user=YES

chroot_list_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list

*** Carga de archivos para usuarios locales

Permitir a los usuarios locales subir o cargar archivos.
Máscara de permisos para los archivos subidos. umask=022 asigana permisos 644 rwx
#
# Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.
write_enable=YES
#
# Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,
# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)
local_umask=022

Habilitar la carga de archivos en formatos ASCII
#ascii_upload_enable=YES

*** Carga para usuarios anónimos

Normalmente subir archivos está desactivado para anónimos, se puede activar:
#
# Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only
# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will
# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.
#anon_upload_enable=YES

Se puede crear un directorio para que puedan escribir los usuarios anónimos:
sudo mkdir /home/ftp/incoming
sudo chmod 777 /home/ftp/incoming

Para dar permisos 644 con la máscara umask=022
anom_umask=022

Para permitir crear directorios y modificar archivos a los anónimos:
#
# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create
# new directories.
#anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES
#anon_other_write_enable=YES

*** Visualizar mensajes
Mensaje que recibe el usuario al conectarse o al hacer algún cambio.
El archivo .mensaje almacena el texto a visualizar
#
# Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they
# go into a certain directory.
dirmessage_enable=YES
message_file=.mensaje

Mensaje de bienvenida cuando el usuario se conecta:
/home/ftp/welcome.msg
#
# You may fully customise the login banner string:
#ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service.

*** Registro de actividad
El registro de actividad en el archivo /var/log/vsftpd.log
#
# Activate logging of uploads/downloads.
xferlog_enable=YES

#
# You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown
# below.
#xferlog_file=/var/log/vsftpd.log

*** Tiempos de conexión
Tiempo para establecer la conexión en modo pasivo
accept_timeout=60

Tiempo máximo para usuario remoto inactivo.
#
# You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.
#idle_session_timeout=600

Tiempo máximo en espera sin que la transferecia progrese
#
# You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.
#data_connection_timeout=120

*** Listado recursivo
Para moverse desde el directorio raíz

#
# You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by
# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large
# sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume
# the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.
#ls_recurse_enable=YES

Ejecución del servicio vsftpd

sudo /etc/init.d/vsftpd start

Para usuarios anónimos:
anonymous_enable=YES
local_enable=NO
anon_umask=022
write_enable=YES
anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES
anon_upload_enable=YES

Para usuarios locales del sistema:
local_enable=YES
anonymous_enable=NO
local_umask=022
write_enable=YES

chroot_local_user=YES
chroot_list_enable=YES
chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list